植物多样性水平对豆禾混播群落根系形态及叶面积指数的影响

以羊草、无芒雀麦、紫花苜蓿和扁蓿豆为材料,按照1、2、4物种梯度,构建3个多样性水平的人工草地,分析多样性水平对豆禾混播群落根系形态及叶面积指数的影响.结果 表明,直径0～1mm的根系主要分布于地下0～28cm土层,根长随着物种多样性的增加而增加;直径1～2mm的根系主要分布于28～56cm土层.禾本科牧草的根长随着物...     

营养调控对宣城黄鸡胴体品质及肉质的影响

通过营养调控改善鸡肉品质与风味。选100 d宣城黄鸡600只随机分为5组,分别饲喂优化日粮（OD）、OD＋风味改良剂（MD）、MD＋茶粉与甲壳质混合物、MD＋昆虫蛋白硒,对照组饲喂原场饲粮。试验期55 d。结果表明：（1）试1、2、3、4组较对照组试鸡腹脂率分别降低45.28%,44.67%,64.04%,14.65%,其中试1、2组试鸡较对照组腹脂率显著降低（P〈0.05）,试3组降低极显著（P〈0.01）;试3组肝重率显著降低33.59%（P〈0.05）;试2组腺肌胃率显著提高45.11%（P〈0.01）。（2）肌间脂肪1、3、4组较对照组降低,但试2组提高15.66%（P〈0.05）;肌苷酸试1组较对照组低,试2、3、4组分别高17.48%（P〈0.05）,9.35%,10.16%;试4组胸肌硒含量较试2组提高了163%（P〈0.01）。（3）鸡肉弹性试1、2、3组较对照组分别高7.32%,7.89%（P〈0.05）,9.21%,而试4组则低2.63%;粘聚性试1、2与3组较对照组分别高2.78%,5.71%（P〈0.05）,4.29%,试4组则低1.43%。日粮补饲茶粉与甲壳素混合物可显著降低腹脂沉积,有防止肌肉脂肪氧化,降低MDA水平,维持高pH值趋势;配制的风味改良剂也可显著降低腹脂率,并有提高肌苷酸、羟脯氨酸含量与肌内脂水平趋势,能显著提高肌肉弹性与粘聚性;昆虫硒可显著提高鸡肉中硒沉积量。     

均质充量压燃式发动机柴油混合气制备方法的研究

研究了一种新概念发动机-均质充量压燃式(HCCI)发动机.其气缸内燃烧温度低而均匀,产生的氮氧化物(NOx)非常低,其碳烟(PM)排放也很低,兼有高效率和低污染的优点.尽管均质充量压燃式发动机具有很大优点,但均质混合气的制备是阻碍其实用化的关键问题之一.为此,在总结前人研究成果的基础上,设计开发了一种用于HCCI发动机的液体燃料均质混合气制备方法.该方法是利用发动机排出废气的热量和进、排气管的复合结构实现的.     

改进线性光谱混合分解模型湿地信息提取

由于干旱区农牧交错地带湿地面积小且地类混杂,混合像元现象严重,使得该区湿地信息的自动提取难度较大。针对湿地遥感信息提取的特点和难点,采用NDVI(normalized different vegetation index)阈值法提取水体,应用支持向量机模型(SVM)提取去除水体后的湿地信息,并以修正线性光谱混合分解模型分解的草甸分量,进一步提取高盖度、中盖度和低盖度草甸信息。试验验证结果表明:提取结果的总体精度为88%,Kappa系数为0.83。该方法可为其他光谱特征混杂地区湿地遥感信息的提取提供参考。     

比久和多效唑混合物的高效液相色谱分析

在吸光度为210nm、流动相配比为甲醇：乙腈：水＝40：20：40的条件下，多效唑和比久均能得到很好的分离。比久的保留时间约为3．19min，多效唑的保留时间约为11．83min。加标回收率：比久为108．69％，多效唑为90．39％。     

高寒地区箭筈豌豆+燕麦混播复种试验研究

在高寒阴湿地区利用一季有余、两季不足的光热资源复种饲草，是解决家畜冷季饲草不足与营养缺乏的有效途径。尤其以豆科与禾本科饲草以1：1混播复种，在分枝盛期和茎繁叶茂期各灌水1次的栽培与田间管理为最佳模式。     

Effects of Row Spacing, Support Plant Species and Support Plant Mixture Ratio on Seed Yield and Yield Characteristics of Hungarian Vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz)

The effects of row spacing (17.5 or 35.0 cm), support plant species (barley or triticale) and the proportion of crops in mixtures (no support plant or support plant 20, 40 or 60 %, respectively) on the seed yield and yield characteristics of Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz) were investigated. Increasing the row spacing increased the seed yield of V. pannonica from 881.0 to 1248.0 kg ha^?1. On average, in a pure stand the seed yield of V. pannonica was 1141.0 kg ha^?1. In mixtures with barley and triticale, the seed yield of V. pannonica averaged 986.0 and 1143.0 kg ha^?1, respectively. In single mixed stands the seed yield of V. pannonica varied between 551.0 kg ha^?1 (60 % support plant barley) and 1603.0 kg ha^?1 (20 % support plant triticale). The yield advantage of V. pannonica in this triticale mixture was 40 % compared to the V. pannonica pure stand. With respect to the total yield in the mixture with 20 % triticale (1902.0 kg ha^?1) the yield advantage over the V. pannonica pure stand was as high as 65.1 %. In the mixed stands the number of seeds per pod and the thousand‐seed weight of V. pannonica were higher than in V. pannonica pure stands.     

Effekte der Sorten- (Weizen)und der Arten- (Weizen, Roggen) Mischung auf die Ertragsleistung krankheitsfreier Bestände

Effects of cultivar (wheat) and species (wheat, rye) mixtures on grain yield of desease-free stands
Cultivar mixtures (winter wheat) and species mixtures (winter wheat/winter rye) grown free from pests and diseases in different environments are compared to pure stands and analyzed with respect to inter-component relationships relevant for yield. All mixtures consisted from two components which were planted 1:1. Mixing effects (i.e. deviations from arithmetic mean of respective components grown in pure stands) on grain yield/ha and yield structure were dependent on components and growing conditions, particularly nitrogen availability. Under conditions suboptimal for one component, ontogenetic differences between components resulted in positive mixing effects on grain yield since the yield proportion of the accompanying partner increased more than proportionally. In several instances, yield proportions shitted without leading to mixing effects. In some experiments and/or mixtures mixing effects could not be observed at all.     

磁混肥用量对低山黄壤小麦的生产效应研究

西方研究了低山黄壤土磁混肥施用量对小麦的效应结果表明，磁混肥具有促进小麦生长，提高叶绿素含量，增进有机物质形成的作用，比习惯用肥增产１０％－１５％，并能改善小麦品质。冷沙黄泥土磁混肥最佳用量为２２００ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２。     

刈割次数、施肥量及混播比例对牛鞭草和白三叶混播草地牧草品质的影响

在不同刈割频率、施肥量和混播比例下,对混播草地牛鞭草Hemarthria compressa和白三叶Triflium re-pen不同种群产量、地下生物量及分蘖数进行了研究。试验表明,刈割4次牧草蛋白质的收获量与刈割5次的差异不显著(P>0.05),而酸性洗涤纤维的收获量各处理间差异极显著(P<0.01),其中以刈割4次的最高,为1 135.1 g/m2。当刈割次数适当时,牛鞭草粗蛋白的收获量随着施肥量和禾草混播比例的增加而提高。